《第三类接触》40周年纪念结束惨澹的2017年夏季

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来源：美国新闻速递（http://www.usnewsexpress.com）
钱美臻 洛杉矶报道

《第三类接触》。电影剧照

从五月最後一个星期一的国殇日长周末到九月第一个星期一的劳工节长周末，是美国传统定义的暑期。1910年起蓬勃发展百馀年的美国电影工业，自1975年斯蒂芬.斯皮尔柏格(Steven Spielberg)狂扫票房的《大白鲨》(Jaws)起，奠定了暑期档为年度娱乐大片上档吸金的重要时段，但暑期档定律在2017年夏季并未奏效，而这周排定上片的电影，更预告了今年夏季美国电影业将画下惨澹的句号。
这周即将上档的影片，没有任何一部有超过1000家影院放映，显见市场并不看好这些电影。同样由斯蒂芬.斯皮尔柏格导演，在1977年上片的《第三类接触》(Close Encounters of the Third Kind)，迄今届满40周年。为纪念这部对好莱坞电影工业具有划时代意义的电影，索尼影业特地把这部电影再制为新版本重新发行，新版的《第三类接触》将在北美901家影院放映。
从1950年代开始，好莱坞科幻片开启了拍摄外星人为题材的电影，但在这些早期的科幻电影中，多数把外星人描述成意图侵略攻占地球的敌人，矮小的绿色外星人手持雷射枪，屠杀和攻击人类摧毁地球文明。但斯皮尔柏格导演挟着《大白鲨》高票房声誉，却紧接着在1977年以《第三类接触》，以温暖丶友善的外星人形象，颠覆了当时好莱坞对外星人的刻板印象，。
虽然《第三类接触》入围了8项奥斯卡奖，但仅得到1座摄影奖。但这部电影堪称为斯皮尔柏格的代表作之一，也显示了导演本人对外星生物充满好奇与友善的意念。同样延续外星人是友善的观念，让斯皮尔柏格在1982年推出了影坛经典之作《ET外星人》(E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial)，《ET》被多个影评专业单位列为影坛最重要的电影之一，更已连续六周的票房冠军，总票房更打破影史纪录，成为当年史上最卖座的电影。
开启科幻片新视野的《第三类接触》，一直被定义为具有创造性和启发性的重要科幻电影。而这部片由於当年赶着在圣诞档期上片，所以上片後不满後制未完成的导演，便要求全面回收77年版本，并以精修版取代，但1997年导演又再度重制推出了”导演版”，2007年在30周年时也曾再度发行一次。因此40年庆当然也要再发行一次，让旧雨新知能回顾一遍这部具有时代意义的巨作。

《郁金香狂热》。电影剧照

除了旧酒装新瓶的《第三类接触》，本周以700多家影院上档的爱情剧情片《郁金香狂热》(Tulip Fever)，则是一部改编自英国女作家黛博拉.莫盖茨(Deborah Moggach)，在1999年发行的同名小说。先前好莱坞曾改编莫盖茨另一部作品，在2012年拍摄了赢得2座金球奖的《金盏花大酒店》(The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel)，
而”郁金香狂热”这个典故，则涉及到17世纪时世界上第一个泡沫经济，而且这个被详载於史册的商业投机行为，更搞垮了当时的世界强国荷兰。17世纪当中亚路边随处可见的郁金香被引入到荷兰时，由於上层社会的人士喜爱和追捧，因此一颗郁金香球根甚至需要用买一栋豪宅的金币来换取。
在被市场越炒越热的郁金香泡沫下，全荷兰上至权贵下至百姓全都在囤炒郁金香球根，直到市场一夕之间开始抛售，过去价值连城的郁金香成了一文不值的野草，阿姆斯特丹期货市场一度因此关闭，由於全国民众许多人都破产了，让荷兰经济从世界第一等国家重挫为三流国家。
电影《郁金香狂热》则是在17世纪荷兰的时空背景下，描述嫁给富有的老商人的一名年轻少女，在婚後与受聘来为商人夫妇画人像画的年轻穷画师相恋。不伦恋的情侣在密谋私奔下，打起了炒郁金香来赚私奔旅费的主意，因此两人便把身上所有的资产都投入了郁金香市场。在郁金香泡沫崩盘下，也将两人的爱情带往毁灭之渊。
这周还有一部智利的西语电影，是在300多家影院小规模上片的同志电影《做你喜欢的人》(Hazlo Como Hombre)。这部电影以轻松幽默的方式描述三名从小一起长大的男性好友，因其中一人(男主角)忽然觉醒了”同志” 意识後，面临着如何向好友丶女友和家人坦承的心理转折，以及亲友在得知他”变成”同性恋後的反应与相处。

《做你喜欢的人》。电影剧照

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