华人拍电影 讲述1871洛杉矶唐人街大屠杀

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【侨报实习记者尚颖11月3日洛杉矶报道】根据早年美国华人遭遇的真实悲惨事件改编创作，由香港导演粱普智（Po-Chih Leong）执导的电影《唐人街1871》本周五11月3日开始在洛杉矶AMC Atlantic Times Square 14,旧金山The 4 Star Theatre, 以及纽约市AMC Empire 25影院播放。

左起：《唐人街1871》导演粱普智，编剧 L P Leong。（侨报实习记者尚颖摄）
《唐人街1871》再现了华裔在美国一段鲜为人知的血腥残忍而屈辱的历史。根据原书《翡翠玉坠》（The Jade Pendant）作者，华裔在美史学研究者L.P.Leong介绍，从1863年太平洋铁路开始动工，吃苦耐劳的华工被大量招募成为修筑铁路的主要劳力。1869年连贯美国大陆的铁路工程“中央太平洋铁路”与“联合太平洋铁路”接通完工后，1万多华工散居加州各地。
1870年的人口普查显示，当时只是小镇的洛杉矶人口只有5千至6千人，共有172位华人。此后，华人移民不断来到洛杉矶，大部分住在尼格罗人街（又被称为黑鬼巷），主要以当苦力，打杂，洗衣，开小店，开餐馆，或捕鱼耕田为生。

华美博物馆华人历史展示。（侨报实习记者尚颖摄）
华人移民竭尽辛苦劳作耕种，开创了加州渔业，也奠定了加州的农业基础。
L.P.Leong讲述，因为对华裔在美历史的关注，对那一段历史他做了长期的调查。他讲述，华人移民的外貌特征，留辫子，举办宗教仪式，组织同乡会，在当时白人眼里被视为异类，公开不满“中国佬”的出现。在白人眼中，华人每天光知道干活，拿低薪也不抱怨，被抱怨是华人抢走了白人蓝领工人的工作机会。
白人对华人歧视日甚，有舆论甚至公开声称，“华人在这里游手好闲，永远不会成为美国的一部分”。另一方面，美国内战时期，加州通过一项法律，禁止华人指控白人，这意味着白人可以任意伤害华人，而华人无法用法律保护自己。
根据维基信息的内容，1871年10月24日，超过500多名男性白人暴徒手持武器，蜂拥冲进洛杉矶华人聚居的“黑鬼街”袭击，抢劫，杀害当地的华人居民。这起骚乱导致18名华人移民在事件中被白人暴徒有组织地绞死，或屠杀。
抢得钱财的白人暴徒居然纷纷到酒吧庆功畅饮。这是美国历史上最大规模的血腥私刑屠杀事件。事件之后，洛杉矶政府最初的轻判定罪被非法推翻，所以最终没有人因谋杀华人而被追究责任。之后多年，在对华人的歧视氛围下，1882年，美国通过了只针对华人的歧视性《排华法案》。
《唐人街1871》导演粱普智表示，和现在从事美国最底层工作的墨西哥裔工人一样，华人当年干着最苦、最累、最廉价的的工作。这样卑微的地位，仍然引起白人不满，他们责怪华人抢夺了他们的工作，造成了他们的贫困。历史何其相似，今天一部分主流极端人士仍然对华裔存有偏见，所以有必要透过电影向华人社区，向整个社会传达信息，不能忘却历史。
尽管这是一段美国历史上最大的种族仇视屠杀暴行事件之一，多数人，包括华人自己都几乎一无所知。在今天美国特别的政治情势下，将这段历史展示出来非常有必要。
L.P.Leong表示，小说《翡翠玉坠》完成后，将故事搬上荧幕一直是他的梦想。几经周折，多次遭遇拒绝阻拦，没想到50年后剧本能够重见天日，今天终于将那段不能忘却的历史拍成电影问世。希望华人通过影片了解历史，避免历史重演。
（编辑：勉筝）

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