因缺乏保险 美国小企业员工癌症筛查率较低

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【侨报编译凯森10月16日报道】一项新出炉的研究表明，因缺乏保险，美国小企业的服务生、承包商和其他雇员更可能错过癌症筛查。

图片来自：Cobone
据合众国际社报道，来自美国癌症协会（ACS）研究人员的这份报告称，在较小企业或组织工作的人，其乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌筛查率大大低于那些在大公司或组织工作的员工，而缺乏保险是导致这一差异的主因。
对此，纽约雷诺克斯山（Lenox Hill）医院肿瘤外科首席专家贝勒尼基（Stephanie Bernik）博士认为，关键是要“找到保证在规模较小公司就职的职工可获得医疗保险的方式，而这是一个复杂的问题，因为一些小企业因保费上涨而无法为工人提供保险。”
而一位关注该研究的乳腺癌专家也指出，此次揭露的是一个很重要社会健康问题，因为乳房X光检查、结肠镜检查和其他筛查方式不仅可挽救生命，也会节省更多的医疗开支。
在此次新研究报告中，ACS团队采用分析了2010、 2013和2015年的联邦政府数据。研究人员发现，总体而言，美国雇员的宫颈癌筛查率为84%，乳腺癌约为69%，结肠癌为57%。但与员工达到500人或更多的公司相比，员工人数少于25人的公司其上述各筛查比例大幅下降。
该研究举例显示，与在保健行业工作的人相比，在食品服务业、建筑、生产和销售行业工作的人员定期体检的比例较低，其中宫颈癌筛查要低26%，乳腺癌筛查低28%、结肠癌筛查低30%。
研究人员指出，导致不同雇员癌症筛查率差异的主要因素是由于收入差距和有无保险。
对于此次研究，纽约斯塔恩岛大学医院综合乳腺癌中心主任库默尔（Cynara Coomer）博士表示，她也认为，许多因素包括缺乏保险、交通问题、教育程度等是导致许多美国人远离癌症筛查的原因。
她说：“作为卫生保健专业人员，我们需要在所有社区努力宣传筛查某些癌症的重要性。此外，我们需要找到一个解决办法，为所有社会经济阶层的人提供医疗服务。”
这项发现发表在10月13日的《预防医学》（the Preventive Medicine）杂志上。
（编辑：逸清）

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